CURRENT ISSUE

ABSTRACT: Background: The purpose of this study is to evaluate serum creatinine as a marker of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in excessive alcohol use people, and to determine correlation between total kidney volume (TKV) and other relevant factors.  
Methods: In this study, 95 people were examined 2025. We measured serum creatinine based GFR using the MDRD formula. Biochemical analysis and serum creatinine were evaluated using a fully automatic analyzer. TKV was determined by ellipsoid method using 2D sonographic transducer.
Result: The mean subject age was 52±10, BMI 25±4 and male female ratio was 4:1. Mean arterial pressure was 108±14 mmHg, eGFR 90±19 ml/min/1.73m².  Age, body mass index (BMI) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were inversely correlated with eGFR (P<0.01) and no difference between male and female recipients. There is no statistically significant correlation between TKV and eGFR. BMI and arterial pressure was correlated with TKV (P<0.01). Mean eGFR and TKV was calculated into 4 groups of 10-year intervals, that eGFR was decreased significantly with age groups.  
Conclusion: According to our research, one of the optimal methods for assessing kidney function is the creatinine-based calculation method, and long-term excessive alcohol consumption is a risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD).

ABSTRACT: Background: To evaluate diabetic kidney disease (DKD) knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) among adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in southern Kyrgyzstan.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey assessed DKD KAP among adults with T2D recruited from public healthcare facilities in Osh, Kyrgyzstan. We used a structured questionnaire guided by the Health Belief Model and the Health Locus of Control. We used multiple linear regression models to examine factors associated with KAP scores.
Results: A total of 207 adults participated (mean age 61.0 ± 10.7 years; 61.4% female). Although 91.3% identified healthcare workers as their most trusted information source, only 49.3% reported receiving DKD-related information from a healthcare provider. Only 13.5% recognized that early kidney damage does not cause pain. Despite generally positive attitudes towards kidney protective behaviors, 72.9% of participants reported low personal control over their health outcomes. In adjusted models, prior receipt of provider DKD information was the sole factor consistently associated with higher knowledge (β = 1.25, 95% CI 0.43–2.08, p = 0.003), attitudes (β = 3.11, 95% CI 1.61–4.61, p < 0.001), and practices (β = 3.99, 95% CI 2.26–5.71, p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Adults with T2D in southern Kyrgyzstan experience significant knowledge gaps and misconceptions regarding kidney protection, despite high trust and willingness to learn from healthcare providers. Prior provider-delivered information was associated with better practices, highlighting the need for structured DKD counseling that explicitly addresses misconceptions and aligns health messages with local beliefs to strengthen self-efficacy.

ABSTRACT: Background: Immunoglobulin A nephropathy is among the most commonly observed glomerular disorders. Its development is associated with immune dysfunction, which initiates a cascade of pathological changes within the glomeruli. The clinical course can range from minimal urinary abnormalities to progressive renal impairment, potentially culminating in end-stage kidney disease. Despite considerable advances in understanding its pathogenesis, optimal therapeutic strategies remain an active focus of scientific investigation.
Aim: To assess current and emerging therapeutic strategies for IgA nephropathy, with an emphasis on efficacy, safety, and the potential of targeted agents addressing key pathogenic pathways.
Methods: We conducted a narrative review of recent literature in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and eLIBRARY databases, focusing on publications from the last decade. Studies published in English and Russian that reported results from clinical trials or meta-analyses on therapeutic interventions for IgA nephropathy were included. Search terms included «IgA nephropathy», «treatment», «targeted therapy», «new therapies», «immunosuppressants», and «clinical trials». Priority was given to randomized controlled trials and studies with high-quality evidence, though relevant observational data were also considered.
Results: Key studies identified included 52 publications, among which 20 were randomized clinical trials and a systematic review. Corticosteroid therapy remains a cornerstone of treatment but is limited by significant adverse effects. Recent therapeutic developments in IgA nephropathy have focused on interventions that selectively target inflammatory and immune pathways involved in disease progression. Certain novel agents aimed at modulating immune signaling or addressing pathogenic plasma cells have shown potential to reduce proteinuria and stabilize renal function. Early-phase clinical investigations indicate promising efficacy and manageable safety profiles, suggesting these approaches may represent important advances in disease management.
Conclusions: Recent progress in targeted and immunomodulatory therapies offers new perspectives for personalized treatment of IgA nephropathy. Comprehensive, large-scale randomized studies with extended follow-up are warranted to thoroughly assess the therapeutic potential, safety profile, and optimal positioning of these interventions within future clinical management strategies.